rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ =))

1. The man standing there is a clown

2. The envelop lying on the table has no stamp on

3. Benzene, discovered by Farady, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives

4. My grandmother being old and sick, never goes out of the house

5. The students don't know how to do the exrcises given by the teacher yesterday

P/s 5 câu đầu thôi gõ mỏi tay vãi

bạn áp dụng công thức:

lược bỏ MĐQH bằng cách sử dụng V-ing nếu động từ ở dạng chủ động

Rút gọn bằng cahcs dùng V-ed nếu động từ ở dạng bị động

10 câu của bạn chỉ ở 2 công thức mình đưa ra 5 câu sau hi vọng bạn làm đc

Đáp án:

- Mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động, ta chỉ cần dùng cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) để thay thế cho mệnh đề đó.

- Cách rút gọn: Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, đưa động từ chính trong mệnh đề quan hệ về nguyên mẫu và thêm đuôi -ing.

The street which leads to the school is very wide.

=> The street leading to the school is very wide.

Tạm dịch: Con đường dẫn đến trường rất rộng.

Relative clauses replaced by participles and to infinitives

1. The street which leads to the school is very wide

-> The street leading to the school is very wide

2. The system which is used here is very succesful

-> The system used here is very successful.

3. John, who teaches my son, is my neighbor

-> John teaching my son is my neighbor

4. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London

-> Trains leaving from this station take an hour to get to London

5. The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam

-> The candicates sitting for the exams are all from Vietnam

6. We are driving on the road which was built in 1980

-> We are driving on the road built in1980

7. Customers who complain about the service should see the manager

-> Customers complaining about the service should see the manager

8. The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt

-> The city destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt

9. My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big firm

-> My brother meeting you yesterday works for a big firm

10. The vegetable which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals

-> The vegetable sold in this shop are grown without chemicals

1,Reduce relative clauses to phrases:

a,The man who is standing there is a clown.

=>The man standing there is a clown.

b,The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it.

=>The envelop lying on the table has no stamp on it.

c,Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives.

=>,Benzene discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives.

d,My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.

=>My old and sick grandmother never goes out of the house.

e,The students dont know how to do the exercises which were given by the teacher yesterday.

=>The students dont know how to do the exercises given by the teacher yesterday.

f,The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of the year 1812.

=>The diagrams made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of the year 1812.

g,The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator.

=>The gentleman living next door to me is a well-known orator.

h,All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.

=>All the astronauts orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.

i,All students who dont hand in their papers will fail in the exam.

=>All students not handing in their papers will fail in the exam.

j,I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.

=>,I saw many houses destroyed by the storm.

k,The street which leads to the school is very wide.

=>The street leading to the school is very wide.

l,The system which is used here is very successful.

=>The system used here is very successful.

m,Mr Jackson, who teaches my son, is my neighbour.

=>Mr Jackson teaching my son is my neighbour.

n,Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London.

=>Trains leaving from this station take an hour to get to London.

o,The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam.

=>The candidates sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam.

p,We are driving on the road which was built in 1980.

=>We are driving on the road built in 1980.

q,Customers who complain about the service should see the manager.

=>Customers complaining about the service should see the manager.

r,The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt.

=>The city destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt.

s,My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big firm.

=>My brother meeting you yesterday works for a big firm.

t,The vegetables which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals

=>The vegetables sold in this shop are grown without chemicals

1. The path which leads=>leading to the pagoda is very narrow.

2. A competitor is someone who takes=>taking part in a competition.

3. The school which was founded=>founded 20 years ago is still there.

4. The captain was the last person who left=>to leave the sinking ship.

5. Brazil is the first team which has won=>to win the world cup three times.

6. Jim, who was shocked=>shocking at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.

7. The girl who is singing=>singing on the stage is my classmate.

8. You should choose the clothes that suit=>suited your personality.

9. I like films that have=>having happy ending.

10. Jane had a few letters that she had to type=>to type.

Rewrite the sentences,changing the relative clauses into clauses with a pressent participle,a past participle or a To-infinitive.

1. The path which leads to the pagoda is very narrow.

The path leading to the pagoda is very narrow.

2. A competitor is someone who takes part in a competition.

A competitor is someone to take part in a competition.

3. The school which was founded 20 years ago is still there.

the school founded 20 years ago is still there.

4. The captain was the last person who left the sinking ship.

The captain was the last person to leave the sinking ship.

5. Brazil is the first team which has won the world cup three times.

Brazil is the first team winning the world cup three times.

6. Jim, who was shocked at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.

Jim shocked at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.

7. The girl who is singing on the stage is my classmate.

the girl singing on the stage is my classmate.

8. You should choose the clothes that suit your personality.

You should choose the clothes to suit your personality.

9. I like films that have happy ending.

I like films having happy ending.

10. Jane had a few letters that she had to type.

Jane had a few letters to type.

1. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?

→ Do you know the woman coming toward us?

2. He is always the first that comes and the last that goes.

→ He is always the first to come and the last to go.

3. The cake which was made by my mother was very delicious.

→ The cake made by my mother was very delicious.

4. We had a river which we could swim in.

→ We had a river to swim in.

5. I want to meet the woman who taught me how to drive.

→ I want to meet the woman teaching me how to drive.

ghép các câu sau bằng cách sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ rồi lượt bỏ mệnh đề quan hệ đó (vd vs câu: the street is very wide. It leads to my school => the street which leads to my school is very wide=>the street leads to my school is very wide)

1/A boy was injured in the accident. He was taken to the hospital

=> A boy who was injured in the accident was taken to the hospital .

=> A boy was injured in the accident was taken to the hospital .

2/I didn't talk much to the man. The man was sitting next to me on the plane to HA NOI.

=> I didn't talk much to the man who was sitting next to me on the plane to HA NOI.

=> I didn't talk much to the man was sitting next to me on the plane to HA NOI.

3/My family is living in a house. the house was built in 2004

=> My family is living in a house which was built in 2004.

=> My family is living in a house was built in 2004.